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 Forum index » Diversions » Perplex City Puzzle Cards » PXC: Silver Puzzle Cards
[PUZZLE] #241 Silver - T-L-P
Moderators: AnthraX101, bagsbee, BrianEnigma, cassandra, Giskard, lhall, Mikeyj, myf, poozle, RobMagus, xnbomb
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tanner
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hmmmm -- i still see it as (q and not p)

oh well

and i know what a proposition is --- im just trying to find a word to enter as a solution Smile
got to be more to it that just the notation
but maybe not
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PostPosted: Tue Jul 19, 2005 5:35 pm
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Leeravitz
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Hmmm. The more I look at it, the more the thing does fit the 'Law of Contradictions'. If you actually read Section 6 of the Tractatus, isn't the visual diagram an analogue of what Wittgenstein is getting at about the actual processes of how the human brain understands mathematics, and why logic never proves anything except what it set out to prove, and so cannot, rationally, hope to reproduce schematically the nature of experience and existence?

When you put it like that, it all sounds a bit more dramatic than a simple proposition in notation, which I guess was how Wittgenstein intended it. But I agree: as a silver, this answer seems far too obvious. Maybe, yes, it might have made a valid purple card or the like - a fairly tough one higher up the scale. But this does seem rather too pat a solution, even if it does link to a suitably high - level of abstraction in a way that, say, knowing the names of popular bands doesn't.

Could it be that the graphic is meant to represent in Wittgenstein's notation some other significant proposition in mathematical logic? I'm still wondering if it's meant to be a play on Godel, or Carnap, or someone like that?
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PostPosted: Tue Jul 19, 2005 6:26 pm
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tanner
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Quote:
I'm still wondering if it's meant to be a play on Godel, or Carnap, or someone like that?


haha --- i'm still waiting for a godel puzzle

godel's theorem is one of the most beautiful creations of the human mind -- IMHO Smile

and he knew how to use the propositional calculus Very Happy Very Happy
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PostPosted: Tue Jul 19, 2005 6:40 pm
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sixsidedsquare
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With all this confusion flying around I decided to find someone who knows the subject a bit better, so I tracked down Jonathan Laventhol (the guy who made that page Tomby linked to). Seems like it turns out that the third post in this thread is right with ~(p . ~q) Very Happy

Anyway, BIG thanks to Jonathan for this (his anotated diagram is below):

Jonathan Laventholy wrote:
Hi Tim --

It is indeed very confusing: you're absolutely not alone in this.
As Wittgenstein said to Russell: "I am upset that you did not understand
the rule for the signs in my last letter... "

What Wittgenstein was interested in was showing whether or not a given
proposition was a tautology or not. His diagrams show all the possible
values of the consituent variables, and the values of the
subpropositions.

They are famously difficult to read, but not so difficult to draw.
May I suggest that you draw along?

I've labelled up your diagram with 24 steps which we draw

1. Think of a truth-value P
2. It can be either true ...
3. .. or false
4. Think of another truth-value Q
5. It can either true ...
6. ... or false

An operation on Q has two outcomes

7. Something when Q is true ...
8. And something when Q is false
9. It's false when Q is true, and ...
10. ... it's true when Q is false

Clearly we've just done ~Q (not-Q)

An operation on P and ~Q has four possibilities ...

11. Something when P is true and ~Q is false
12. Something when P is false and ~Q is false
13. Something when P is false and ~Q is true
14. Something when P is true and ~Q is true

This operation has two outcomes

15. Sometimes it will be true
16. Sometimes it will be false

Let's guess this operation is 'or'

17. When P is false and ~Q is false, the result is false
18. Otherwise true (ie when P is false and ~Q is true)
19. Also true when P is true and ~Q is false
20. Also true when P is true and ~Q is true

Clearly we've just done P v ~Q

An operation on this has two outcomes

21. One when P v ~Q is false ...
22. And one when P v ~Q is true.
23. It's true when P v ~Q is false, and
24. false when P v ~Q is true

This overall proposition is therefore ~(P v ~Q)


I believe Wittgenstein invented truth tables becase these
diagrams are so hard to read. If we do this problem with
truth tables you get:

P Q
-----
T T
T F
F T
F F

Add ~Q

P Q ~Q
----------
T T F
T F T
F T F
F F T

Add the 'or'

P Q ~Q P v ~Q
--------------------
T T F T
T F T T
F T F F
F F T T


Negate that:

P Q ~Q P v ~Q ~(P v ~Q)
---------------------------------
T T F T F
T F T T F
F T F F T
F F T T F

What the tables don't show as well as the diagrams
is the 'funnelling' effect you get; the final column
still has four rows even though there's only two
values.




I hope that's helped somewhat and that you're not just
getting me to do your homework!

If you want to read more about Wittgenstein's diagrams, I can recommend
Michael Biggs's paper about editing Notes on Logic,
from University of Bergen. http://wab.aksis.uib.no/wp-no11-1.pdf

What you studying?

If I find myself in Auckland I will claim my standard
fee for this kind of consultancy, which is normally
two (2) beers of local origin.

Regards,
J.

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PostPosted: Tue Jul 19, 2005 8:45 pm
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tanner
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ok -- thats sorted then -- thanks -- was that ~(P v ~Q) and not as the 3rd post said ~(P . ~Q). i nearly understood what i was doing Very Happy but is there something more to this than just the notation?

mind you its still (q and not p) so i was right (his table and mine are the same)

~(P v ~Q) <==> (Q . ~P)
the only true result comes when p is false and q is true

its not the solve yet but if his table and mine are right then i claim some credit so far -- hahahaha
Code:

another way to see it (where o is a NOT gate)
           ___
(P) -----o|   |
          | & |----- (Q AND (NOT P))
(Q) ------|___|

or

           ___
(P) ------|   |
          | OR|o---- NOT (P OR (NOT Q))
(Q) -----o|___|


equivalent functions
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PostPosted: Wed Jul 20, 2005 12:45 am
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Leeravitz
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Yeah, that looks like it makes basic sense to me, as well. I agree with Tanner, though - other than establishing what the workable notation derived from the diagram is, I'm not sure we have an actual name we can put to it. It seems from Jonathan's annotations that there's nothing especially anomalous about the diagram in Wittgensteinian terms - it's more or less how you would establish the validities of propositions utilising his (admittedly complex) visual representations. You know, maybe the MC thinking was, indeed, if it was enough to flummox Bertrand Russell, then it's enough to flummox us...

So, maybe working out the basic proposition *is* good enough. Still and all, it looks like most of the silvers work at more than one level. It's not obvious where all this is leading...
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PostPosted: Wed Jul 20, 2005 10:09 am
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sixsidedsquare
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Oops, yeah, sorry. Embarassed

~(p . ~q) isn't ~(P v ~Q) at all

oh well, it looks like everyone else understands much better than me

PostPosted: Wed Jul 20, 2005 8:45 pm
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BrianEnigmaModerator
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Do we have a scan of the map on the card's reverse yet? It does not seem to be in the map piece thread.
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PostPosted: Thu Jul 21, 2005 2:13 am
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Brevity
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I'm still working on getting access to a scanner with which I can take a 60dpi color scan of the front and back of the card. The digital camera pictures are pretty crappy and I didn't think it was worth uploading the pic of the card back in that form.

PostPosted: Thu Jul 21, 2005 2:42 pm
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Marrec
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I can't believe I didn't look at this card before. I've been studying Wittgenstein without much success in understanding for two years now and a card with roots in the Tractatus would have made my day... Hmph. Yeh, I don't think ~(P v ~Q) is the full solve. The card asks for the proposition... so perhaps the solve would be 6.120 (That being the proposition in which the diagram appears in the Tractatus), but that seems even simpler. I think there is some kind of inside joke going on here, a tautology in the laguage of the question on the card maybe, though I can't find it. I never liked the Wittgenstein who wrote the Tractatus, he was much easier to understand, though more pig-headed, later in his career.

I'm not ashamed to say I don't understand Wittgenstein or the some of the TLP, but the question has been asked, and as Wittgenstein wrote at the end of his sixth proposition, if a question can be put at all, then it can also be answered... burn me if I know the answer though.
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PostPosted: Thu Aug 11, 2005 8:33 pm
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SteveC
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Regards tanner or the prof's basic bit of logic being the final solution or not, lets not forget, they may have considered it unlikely that we'd easily recognise the notation from a single published use of a since unused form of notation.

That would be a difficult stage #1, then stage #2 would be trying to understand exactly what the result of it was.

If we could recognise elucidate I suspect it would fall as quickly..?

Oh, and BTW, this is NOT the diagram from 6.1.whatever of the tracatus. It's simply a diagram using the same notation (and forming pretty much the same level of complexity)

PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 4:29 am
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Marrec
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SteveC wrote:
If we could recognise elucidate I suspect it would fall as quickly..?


I see your point. And seeing how it is in fact not the specific diagram from 6.120, tanner's logic string (which likely would seem impossible for someone not familier with complex logic and accompaning diagrams and truth tables) could be the solve.

I was thinking about it earlier, and it seems to me that this solve doesn't really have to be much more complex then we have found. The title "T-L-P" is just, in my mind, a clue as to where to find a way to translate the diagram. That doesn't mean that the solve has anything at all to do with Wittgenstein or tautologies or any other proposition but the one the diagram represents.

Of course, it'd be silly to underestimate the MC gang.
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PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 8:37 pm
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Sasuntsi Davit
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I don't know if the this is right, but the preposition might be one of DeMorgan's Laws...

eg.

"¬(A + B) = ¬A . ¬B"

in our case we have:
¬(P + ¬Q) = ¬(A + B) when A = P and B = ¬Q
then:
¬(A + B) = ¬A . ¬B = ¬P . Q
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PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 10:11 pm
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tanner
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Sasuntsi Davit wrote:
I don't know if the this is right, but the preposition might be one of DeMorgan's Laws...

eg.

"¬(A + B) = ¬A . ¬B"

in our case we have:
¬(P + ¬Q) = ¬(A + B) when A = P and B = ¬Q
then:
¬(A + B) = ¬A . ¬B = ¬P . Q


i think youre confusing your AND and NANDS or something
in a, maybe, clearer terminology

~(P OR ~Q) <==> (P NOR ~Q) <==> (~P AND Q) <==> (Q AND ~P)

which is what i said earlier

Demorgan is used, but it is a tool not a solution

these tables i put together years ago might help clarify
http://homepage.ntlworld.com/tanspace/TRUTHTABLE5.doc
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PostPosted: Sat Aug 13, 2005 3:34 am
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Seej
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Sasuntsi Davit wrote:
I don't know if the this is right, but the preposition might be one of DeMorgan's Laws...

eg.

"¬(A + B) = ¬A . ¬B"

in our case we have:
¬(P + ¬Q) = ¬(A + B) when A = P and B = ¬Q
then:
¬(A + B) = ¬A . ¬B = ¬P . Q

Wow! Coming from an electronics/computing background I understand all this now (well, relatively, and I get Tanner's notation properly now I think). Cheers Sasuntsi.

Making this with logic gates would be quite simple, but I'm gonna go dig out my digital logic books on the off-chance that there's something relevant....

PostPosted: Sun Aug 14, 2005 5:19 pm
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